Listening is a crucial skill in language and academics. Research suggests that people spend 45 percent of their communication time listening, compared to only 30 percent of the time talking. However, students often receive little explicit instruction on how to effectively listen to one another. As schools aim to help students regain their academic habits after the disruptions caused by the pandemic, experts are advocating for intentional practice of listening and other communication skills. A recent study proposes quick strategies for teaching students to listen to their peers, which can foster deep academic discussions and challenge racial and gender stereotypes in subjects like math.
Karin Brown, an education researcher from the University of Michigan, conducted a study analyzing how 5th grade math teachers in Midwestern classrooms facilitated peer discussions to promote equitable participation. The study identified common approaches that focused on peer listening, including:
1. Asking one student to provide an answer to a problem, and then asking a different student to explain the classmate’s answer.
2. Encouraging multiple answers to a question, and then asking students to consider the reasoning behind an answer they disagree with.
3. Assigning exit tickets or homework in which students reflect on how a classmate’s idea influenced their thinking.
Brown emphasized the importance of practicing listening together by giving students the opportunity to use questions. This approach communicates that listening is an essential skill that requires practice. By providing specific steps for students to follow, the teacher reinforces the significance of listening.
Moreover, implementing a framework for peer listening may help challenge stereotypes in math classes. Previous research has shown that training in listening can reduce racism and bias. Additionally, teachers can help alleviate stereotype threat by highlighting students’ insights and guiding them to lead class discussions. By prompting students to consider what they have learned from their peers of different racial backgrounds, teachers can disrupt the racial hierarchy of mathematical ability.
In conclusion, promoting peer listening through intentional instruction and practice can enhance academic discussions and combat stereotypes in subjects like math. Teachers play a vital role in creating an inclusive learning environment where all students feel valued and heard.
